Gitlab安装 #

GitLab简介 GitLab 是一个用于仓库管理系统的开源项目。使用Git作为代码管理工具，并在此基础上搭建起来的web服务。可通过Web界面进行访问公开的或者私人项目。它拥有与Github类似的功能，能够浏览源代码，管理权限和注释。可以管理团队对仓库的访问，它非常易于浏览提交过的版本并提供一个文件历史库。团队成员可以利用内置的简单聊天程序(Wall)进行交流。它还提供一个代码片段收集功能可以轻松实现代码复用。 常用的网站： 官网：https://about.gitlab.com/ 国内镜像：https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gitlab-ce/yum/ 安装环境： 1、CentOS 6或者7 2、2G内存（实验）生产（至少4G） 3、安装包：gitlab-ce-10.2.2-ce 4、禁用防火墙，关闭selinux

https://about.gitlab.com/installation/ # git官网

[root@git ~]# yum install -y curl policycoreutils-python openssh-server # 安装依赖

#上传gitlab安装包 下载方式可通过国内清华源gitlab-ce社区版本下载

[root@git ~]# ll
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 39 Nov 16 15:04 git_data
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 389758391 Aug 22 2018 gitlab-ce-10.2.2-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm

#rpm安装，发现缺少依赖

[root@git ~]# rpm -ivh gitlab-ce-10.2.2-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: gitlab-ce-10.2.2-ce.0.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID f27eab47: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
policycoreutils-python is needed by gitlab-ce-10.2.2-ce.0.el7.x86_64

#安装依赖之后再次安装

[root@git ~]# yum install -y policycoreutils-python

[root@git ~]# vim /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb # gitlab 配置文件

更改url地址为本机IP地址 external_url 'http://10.0.0.100'

更改配置文件后需重新配置 #

[root@git ~]# gitlab-ctl reconfigure

/opt/gitlab/ # gitlab的程序安装目录

/var/opt/gitlab # gitlab目录数据目录

/var/opt/gitlab/git-dfata # 存放仓库数据

gitlab-ctl status # 查看目前gitlab所有服务运维状态

gitlab-ctl stop # 停止gitlab服务

gitlab-ctl stop nginx # 单独停止某个服务

gitlab-ctl tail # 查看所有服务的日志

Gitlab的服务构成：

nginx： #静态web服务器

gitlab-workhorse: #轻量级的反向代理服务器

logrotate： #日志文件管理工具

postgresql： #数据库

redis： #缓存数据库

sidekiq： #用于在后台执行队列任务（异步执行）。（Ruby）

unicorn：An HTTP server for Rack applications，GitLab Rails应用是托管在这个服务器上面的。（Ruby Web Server,主要使用Ruby编写）

#通过浏览器输入IP地址进行访问gitlab

使用默认用户登录： root
密码： 12345678

7. Gitlab使用 #

01. 外观配置 #

02. Gitlab汉化配置 #

1、下载汉化补丁 git clone https://gitlab.com/xhang/gitlab.git 2、查看全部分支版本 git branch -a 3、对比版本、生成补丁包 git diff remotes/origin/10-2-stable remotes/origin/10-2-stable-zh > ../10.2.2-zh.diff 4、停止服务器 gitlab-ctl stop 5、打补丁 patch -d /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails -p1 < /tmp/10.2.2-zh.diff
6、启动和重新配置 gitlab-ctl start gitlab-ctl reconfigure

03. 注册限制 #

04. 创建用户及组 #

05. 创建用户 #

06. 把用户添加到组 #

07. 创建项目 #

返回首页，进入项目

#删除github的仓库

[root@git ~/git_data]# git remote remove origin
[root@git ~/git_data]# git remote

#添加gitlab的远程仓库，进行代码上传

[root@git ~/git_data]# git remote add origin git@10.0.0.100:OPS/git_test.git [root@git ~/git_data]# git push -u origin master
The authenticity of host '10.0.0.100 (10.0.0.100)' can't be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:6gbyCCIw3zFuNSUR2Y7UOG8fbSrj/BVUaeXwllvrGXM. ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:95:10:02:7c:71:73:c6:4a:b2:f9:d8:88:5d:4a:3d:e0. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '10.0.0.100' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts. Counting objects: 17, done. Compressing objects: 100% (8/8), done. Writing objects: 100% (17/17), 1.25 KiB | 0 bytes/s, done. Total 17 (delta 1), reused 0 (delta 0) To git@10.0.0.100:OPS/git_test.git [new branch] master -> master Branch master set up to track remote branch master from origin.

08. 推送代码到Gitlab #

[root@git ~/git_data]# echo oldboy >>a.txt [root@git ~/git_data]# git add . [root@git ~/git_data]# git commit -m "create a.txt" [master a5c15de] create a.txt 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) create mode 100644 a.txt [root@git ~/git_data]# git push -u origin master
Counting objects: 4, done. Compressing objects: 100% (2/2), done. Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 289 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done. Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0) To git@10.0.0.100:OPS/git_test.git 0924a70..a5c15de master -> master Branch master set up to track remote branch master from origin.

#刷新Gitlab仓库

09. 开发推送代码到Gitlab #

#给其创建dev用户，并给其分配到项目组，然后进行登录

#克隆一台服务器，作为开发人员使用，并进行生成密钥文件，进行密钥认证

[root@dev ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/root/.ssh'. Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: SHA256:qx5BldjQ4qy+HTSH9zpg8nVQqJDNP/M8gfq/4k+E09c root@dev The key's randomart image is: +---[RSA 2048]----+ | +.=.o | | o =.= . | | +.+ o | | .+. o. . | | .=.S o.. E | | o.+=.==. | | . +o+..o. | | ...++o | | .o+.o=+. | +----[SHA256]-----+ [root@dev ~]# cat .ssh/id_rsa.pub
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDa4HBEOk10oode36lPcrybpjK++3bsjbaO67CjzY9S8w2WbAFfsVUwM+Hz8uRlehfjiCxuXF/oQgK2TATDdVYw89CrUMMmjuR1nRKKslA/Xhj0XxIjtUY+86UpVYp0t3963mmHrvoe45DTHYHIQqHEP8FM1fi5T6EzYrVhWFmmjqQYbVYQL+4oHwJBsCvQ4XZ6PCgTBlw2D8s1jk2Sx2vTsPLURA/+iL7WqzM5bGQLcAP5R3yG09v5O0+C/RLIHMw/qY54DaxVGTXhs0PnrfQhdzlUcKREsGkF7Ya3khyfss1jY+/QslS3Y6be9s8sfBKuWwx3Llob2nkgKiZOpQ+5 root@dev #复制其公钥

#进行将代码克隆下来，进行更改

[root@dev ~]# git clone git@10.0.0.100:OPS/git_test.git Cloning into 'git_test'... The authenticity of host '10.0.0.100 (10.0.0.100)' can't be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:6gbyCCIw3zFuNSUR2Y7UOG8fbSrj/BVUaeXwllvrGXM. ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:95:10:02:7c:71:73:c6:4a:b2:f9:d8:88:5d:4a:3d:e0. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '10.0.0.100' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts. remote: Counting objects: 20, done. remote: Compressing objects: 100% (10/10), done. remote: Total 20 (delta 1), reused 0 (delta 0) Receiving objects: 100% (20/20), done. Resolving deltas: 100% (1/1), done. [root@dev ~]# ll drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 52 Nov 17 17:21 git_test [root@dev ~]# ll git_test/ total 8 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16 Nov 17 17:21 a -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7 Nov 17 17:21 a.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov 17 17:21 test

#修改代码

[root@dev ~]# cd git_test/ [root@dev ~/git_test]# echo dev01 >> a [root@dev ~/git_test]# git commit -am "dev01 add a"

 Please tell me who you are.

Run

git config --global user.email "you@example.com" git config --global user.name "Your Name"

to set your account's default identity. Omit --global to set the identity only in this repository.

fatal: unable to auto-detect email address (got 'root@dev.(none)')

#配置邮件及用户信息

[root@dev ~/git_test]# git config --global user.email "dev@example.com" [root@dev ~/git_test]# git config --global user.name "dev01"

[root@dev ~/git_test]# git commit -am "dev01 add a" [master 6cc6aff] dev01 add a 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

#推送到远程仓库

[root@dev ~/git_test]# git push -u origin master Counting objects: 5, done. Compressing objects: 100% (2/2), done. Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 305 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done. Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0) To git@10.0.0.100:OPS/git_test.git a5c15de..6cc6aff master -> master Branch master set up to track remote branch master from origin.

10. 分支保护 #

#创建一个dev分支

[root@dev ~/git_test]# git branch dev [root@dev ~/git_test]# git push -u origin dev Total 0 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0) remote:
remote: To create a merge request for dev, visit: remote: http://10.0.0.100/OPS/git_test/merge_requests/new?merge_request[source_branch]=dev remote:
To git@10.0.0.100:OPS/git_test.git [new branch] dev -> dev Branch dev set up to track remote branch dev from origin.

#登录root用户，进行分支保护

11. 代码合并 #

#清除旧的分支，创建新的分支，并切换

[root@dev ~/git_test]# git branch -d dev Deleted branch dev (was 6cc6aff). [root@dev ~/git_test]# git checkout -b dev Switched to a new branch 'dev' [root@dev ~/git_test]# git branch dev master

#推送到远程仓库

[root@dev ~/git_test]# git push -u origin dev Counting objects: 5, done. Compressing objects: 100% (2/2), done. Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 311 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done. Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0) remote:
remote: To create a merge request for dev, visit: remote: http://10.0.0.100/OPS/git_test/merge_requests/new?merge_request[source_branch]=dev remote:
To git@10.0.0.100:OPS/git_test.git 6cc6aff..315f127 dev -> dev Branch dev set up to track remote branch dev from origin.

#dev分支上面有a文件的最新信息，而master中没有

进行合并分支

登录root用户进行处理请求

12. Git-gui安装 #

修改代码

8. Gitlab备份与恢复 #

对gitlab进行备份将会创建一个包含所有库和附件的归档文件。对备份的恢复只能恢复到与备份时的gitlab相同的

版本。将gitlab迁移到另一台服务器上的最佳方法就是通过备份和还原。

gitlab提供了一个简单的命令行来备份整个gitlab，并且能灵活的满足需求。

备份文件将保存在配置文件中定义的backup_path中，文件名为TIMESTAMP_gitlab_backup.tar,TIMESTAMP为备份时的时间戳。TIMESTAMP的格式为：EPOCH_YYYY_MM_DD_Gitlab‐version。如果自定义备份目录需要赋予git权限。

01. 备份 #

#配置文件中加入 [root@git ~/git_data]# vim /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb gitlab_rails['manage_backup_path'] = true #开启备份 gitlab_rails['backup_path'] = '/data/backup/gitlab' #备份目录 gitlab_rails['backup_archive_permissions'] = 0644 #生成的备份文件权限 gitlab_rails['backup_keep_time'] = 604800 #备份保留的时间（以秒为单位，这是七天默认值） [root@git ~/git_data]# mkdir /data/backup/gitlab [root@git ~/git_data]# chown ‐R git.git /data/backup/gitlab

#完成后执行下面命令进行生效

[root@git ~/git_data]# gitlab‐ctl reconfigure

#手动备份 [root@git ~/git_data]# gitlab-rake gitlab:backup:create

#检查结果 [root@git ~/git_data]# ll /data/opt/gitlab/ total 112 -rw-r--r-- 1 git git 112640 Nov 17 18:22 1573986174_2019_11_17_10.2.2_gitlab_backup.tar

自动备份需要写一个备份脚本及定时任务

#Gitlab恢复操作

Gitlab只能还原到与备份文件相同的gitlab版本。

#误删除数据

[root@git ~/git_test]# rm -rf ./

#提交推送

[root@git ~/git_test]# git commit -am "add 123 " [master 35ef629] add 123 3 files changed, 8 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 a delete mode 100644 a.txt delete mode 100644 test [root@git ~/git_test]# git push -u origin master Counting objects: 3, done. Compressing objects: 100% (1/1), done. Writing objects: 100% (2/2), 182 bytes | 0 bytes/s, done. Total 2 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0) To git@10.0.0.100:OPS/git_test.git 02250b6..35ef629 master -> master Branch master set up to track remote branch master from origin.

02. 恢复 #

#停止相关服务

[root@git ~/git_test]# gitlab-ctl stop unicorn ok: down: unicorn: 0s, normally up [root@git ~/git_test]# gitlab-ctl stop sidekiq ok: down: sidekiq: 1s, normally up [root@git ~/git_test]# gitlab-ctl status run: gitaly: (pid 78774) 15714s; run: log: (pid 78466) 15758s run: gitlab-monitor: (pid 78790) 15713s; run: log: (pid 78565) 15746s run: gitlab-workhorse: (pid 78762) 15714s; run: log: (pid 78419) 15776s run: logrotate: (pid 106694) 1364s; run: log: (pid 78447) 15764s run: nginx: (pid 78432) 15770s; run: log: (pid 78431) 15770s run: node-exporter: (pid 78515) 15752s; run: log: (pid 78514) 15752s run: postgres-exporter: (pid 78818) 15712s; run: log: (pid 78692) 15728s run: postgresql: (pid 78190) 15819s; run: log: (pid 78189) 15819s run: prometheus: (pid 78806) 15713s; run: log: (pid 78646) 15734s run: redis: (pid 78130) 15825s; run: log: (pid 78129) 15825s run: redis-exporter: (pid 78626) 15740s; run: log: (pid 78625) 15740s down: sidekiq: 8s, normally up; run: log: (pid 78402) 15782s down: unicorn: 20s, normally up; run: log: (pid 78363) 15788s

#Gitlab的恢复操作会先将当前所有的数据清空，然后再根据备份数据进行恢复

[root@git ~/git_test]# ll /data/opt/gitlab/ total 112 -rw------- 1 git git 112640 Nov 17 18:22 1573986174_2019_11_17_10.2.2_gitlab_backup.tar [root@git ~/git_test]# gitlab-rake gitlab:backup:restore BACKUP=1573986174_2019_11_17_10.2.2

#启动gitlab [root@git ~/git_test]# gitlab-ctl start ok: run: gitaly: (pid 78774) 16168s ok: run: gitlab-monitor: (pid 78790) 16167s ok: run: gitlab-workhorse: (pid 78762) 16168s ok: run: logrotate: (pid 106694) 1818s ok: run: nginx: (pid 78432) 16224s ok: run: node-exporter: (pid 78515) 16206s ok: run: postgres-exporter: (pid 78818) 16166s ok: run: postgresql: (pid 78190) 16273s ok: run: prometheus: (pid 78806) 16167s ok: run: redis: (pid 78130) 16279s ok: run: redis-exporter: (pid 78626) 16194s ok: run: sidekiq: (pid 109932) 1s ok: run: unicorn: (pid 109939) 0s

#检查是否恢复成功 [root@git ~/git_test]# gitlab-rake gitlab:check SANITIZE=true

#web界面数据已经恢复，从新克隆到本地

[root@git ~]# git clone git@10.0.0.100:OPS/git_test.git Cloning into 'git_test'... remote: Counting objects: 27, done. remote: Compressing objects: 100% (14/14), done. remote: Total 27 (delta 1), reused 27 (delta 1) Receiving objects: 100% (27/27), done. Resolving deltas: 100% (1/1), done. [root@git ~/git_test]# ll total 8 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 27 Nov 17 19:00 a -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7 Nov 17 19:00 a.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov 17 19:00 test